Soleiman, S. (2024). THE INSCRIBED LINTEL OF SESHEMNEFER DISCOVERED RECENTLY AT SAQQARA. Journal of the General Union of Arab Archaeologists, 9(1), 40-53. doi: 10.21608/jguaa2.2023.234161.1147
Saleh Soleiman. "THE INSCRIBED LINTEL OF SESHEMNEFER DISCOVERED RECENTLY AT SAQQARA". Journal of the General Union of Arab Archaeologists, 9, 1, 2024, 40-53. doi: 10.21608/jguaa2.2023.234161.1147
Soleiman, S. (2024). 'THE INSCRIBED LINTEL OF SESHEMNEFER DISCOVERED RECENTLY AT SAQQARA', Journal of the General Union of Arab Archaeologists, 9(1), pp. 40-53. doi: 10.21608/jguaa2.2023.234161.1147
Soleiman, S. THE INSCRIBED LINTEL OF SESHEMNEFER DISCOVERED RECENTLY AT SAQQARA. Journal of the General Union of Arab Archaeologists, 2024; 9(1): 40-53. doi: 10.21608/jguaa2.2023.234161.1147
THE INSCRIBED LINTEL OF SESHEMNEFER DISCOVERED RECENTLY AT SAQQARA
Associate Professor at Faculty of Archaeology/ Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
Abstract
العتب المنقوش الخاص بـ سشم نفر المكتشف حديثاً بسقارة [Ar] يهدف البحث لدراسة عتب منحوت من الحجر الجيري ومكتشف حديثاً بجبانة جسر المدير، غرب هرم ونيس بوسط سقارة، حيث تم وصف العتب وترجمة نصه، بالوصف والترجمة تعليق يرتبط باسم المتوفى ولقبه وصيغة القربان حتب دي نسوت وصيغة برت خرو، كما تم استعراض الاسم الشخصي للمتوفى من حيث النطق والمعني وتاريخ ومكان ظهوره، ودراسة لقب المتوفى من حيث تأريخ ومكان ظهوره واستمراريته، مع أضافة التعليق على نعوت أنوبيس الأربعة الواردة على العتب، وسُجل الشكل الجديد على هذا العتب لكتابة اسم المتوفى، سشم نفر، مع استعراض بداية ظهور صيغة برت خرو نت، مع اقتراح نهاية الدولة القديمة كتأريخ لهذا العتب بناء على عدة ملامح، تتمثل في موقع الاكتشاف واللقى الأثرية بنفس بئر الاكتشاف والاسم الشخصي للمتوفى وطريقة كتابته ولقبه وصيغ القربان الجنائزية. [En] This research is a study of a limestone lintel uncovered recently in Gisr El-Mudir cemetery, west of Unas’ Pyramid at central Saqqara. The lintel is described, and its text is translated. Then a commentary will be provided, focusing on the deceased's personal name, titles, together withand formulae. The deceased’s name is reviewed in terms of pronunciation, meaning, date, and place of appearance. The title of the deceased is studied in terms of the date and place of presence and continuity. The four epithets of Anubis mentioned on the lintel are commented on. A new form of writing the name of the deceased, Seshemnefer, is attested on the lintel. The appearance of is presented. Based on several features, the end of the Old Kingdom is suggested as the date for this lintel. These include the location of the discovery, other finds in the same shaft of the discovery, the personal name of the deceased and the way it is written, his title, and the funerary offering formulae.
Abu Bakr, A. M.: Excavations at Giza 1949-1950, Cairo (Government Press) 1953.
Baer, K.: Rank and Title in the Old Kingdom. The Structure of the Egyptian Administration in the Fifth and Sixth Dynasties, Chicago (University of Chicago Press) 1960.
Barta, W.: «Zur Bedeutung der Opferformel im Alten Reich», GM 96, 1987, 7–9.
Bárta, M. (ed.): «The Old Kingdom Art and Archaeology», Proceedings of the Conference held in Prague, May 31– June 4, 2004, Prague (Czech Institute of Egyptology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University) 2006.
Borchardt, L.: Catalogue général des antiquités égyptiennes du Musée du Caire, Denkmäler des Alten Reiches im Museum von Kairo, Nr.1295-1808, Teil I, Text und Tafeln zu Nr.1295-1541, Berlin (Reichsdruckerei Berlin) 1937.
Borchardt, L.:«False Doors & History: the Sixth Dynasty», In The Old Kingdom Art and Archaeology, Proceedings of the Conference held in Prague, May 31– June 4,2004, 71–118. Prague (Czech Institute of Egyptology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University) 2006.
Cherpion, N.: Mastabas et hypogées d’Ancien Empire–Le probleme de la datation, Brussels (Connaissance de l'Égypte Ancienne) 1989.
Couyat, J. &Montet, P.: Les inscriptions hieroglyphiques et hieratiques du Ouadi Hammamat, Cairo (Institut français d'archéologie orientale) 1912.
Daressy, G.: «La nécropole des grand prètres d’Héliopolis sous l’Ancien Empire, I, Inscriptions», ASAE 16, 1916, 193–212.
Davies, N. de G.: The Mastaba of Ptahhetep and Akhethetep at Saqqareh, vol. II, The Mastaba, The Sculptures of Akhethetep, London (The Offices of the Egypt Exploration Fund [etc.]) 1901.
Dawood, kh.: «The Inscribed Stelae of the Herakleopolitan Period from the Memphite Necropolis», PhD Thesis, 2vols, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Liverpool, 1998.
Edel, E.: Hieroglyphic Inschriften des Alten Reiches, Göttingen (Westdeutscher Verlag) 1981.
El-Batal, A., Khattab, F. &Soleiman, S.: The Gisr el-Mudir Cemetery at Saqqara, vol.1, The Tombs of Ia-Maat and Others, Cairo (Horof) 2012.
Fischer, H. G.: Dendera in the Third Millennium B.C. down to the Theban Domination of Thebes, New York (Library of Congress) 1968.
Gardiner, A.: Egyptian Grammar: Being an Introduction to the Study of Hieroglyphs, 3rd ed., Oxford ( Griffith Institute, Ashmolean Museum) 1957.
GOURDON,Y: «Anthroponymes et Généalogies de l’Égypte Ancienne», in: «http://www.ifao.egnet.net/bases /agea/noms/?id=361 accessed on 27/10/2022.
HAFEMANN, I. & SCHWEITZER, S.: «ThesaurusLinguage Aegyptiae», in: «http://aaew.bbaw.de/tla/ accessed on 10/8/2022.
Harpur, Y.: Decoration in Egyptian Tombs of the Old Kingdom, Studies in Orientation and Scene Content, London and New York (Kegan Paul International) 1987.
Hassan, S.: Excavations at Gîza 1929-1930, vol.1,Oxford (The University Press) 1932.
Hassan, S.: Excavations at Gîza 1934-1935, vol.VI [3], Cairo (Service des Antiquités de l'Egypte) 1950.
James, T.G.H.: Hieroglyphic Texts from Egyptian Stelae &c. in the British Museum, vol.I [2], London (The Trustees of the British Museum) 1961.
Jones, D.: Index of Ancient Egyptian Titles, Epithets and Phrases of the Old Kingdom, Oxford (Archaeopress) 2000.
Junker, H.: Grabungen auf dem Friendhof des Alten Reiches bei den Pyramiden von Gîza, vol.3, Die Mastabas der vorgeschrittenen V. Dynastie auf dem Westfriedhof.Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Wien und Leipzig (Hölder - Pichler - Tempsky A.-G.) 1938.
Junker, H.: Grabungen auf dem Friendhof des Alten Reiches bei den Pyramiden von Gîza, vol.11, Der Friedhof südlich der Cheopspyramide, Östteil. Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien (Rudolph M. Rohrer) 1953.
Kanawati, N.: Egyptian Administration in the Old Kingdom, Evidence on its Economic Decline, Warminster (Aris and Phillips, Ltd) 1977.
Kanawati, N.: Tombs at Giza, vol.1, Kaiemankh (G 4561) and Seshemnefer I (G 4940), Warminster (Aris and Phillips, Ltd) 2001.
Kanawati, N.: Tombs at Giza, vol.2, Seshathetep/Heti (G 5150), Nesutnefer (G 4970) and Seshemnefer II (G 5080), Warminster (Aris and Phillips, Ltd) 2002.
Kanawati, N.:Deir el-Gebrawi, vol.2, Warminster (Aris and Phillips, Ltd) 2007.
Kanawati, N.: Die (auto-) biographischen Inschriften des ägyptischen Alten Reiches: Untersuchngen zu Phraseologie und Entwicklung, Hamburg (helmut buske verlag hamburg) 2002.
Kuentz, Ch.: Catalogue général des antiquités égyptiennes du Musée du Caire, Obélisques CG 1308–13151 and CG 17001–17036, Cairo (Imprimerie de l'Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale) 1932.
Lapp, G.: Die Opferformel des Alten Reiches, Unter Berücksichtigung Einiger Späterer Formen, Mainz am Rhein (Philipp von Zabern) 1986.
Leprohon, R. J.: Offering Formulas and Lists, In: The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, vol.2, 569–572, Oxford (University Press) 2000.
Leprohon «False doors & history: the Sixth Dynasty», In The Old Kingdom Art and Archaeology, Proceedings of the Conference held in Prague, May 31– June 4, 2004, 71–118. Prague (Czech Institute of Egyptology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University) 2006.
Lepsius, C.R: Denkmäler aus Aegypten und Aethiopien, Ergänzungsband. J. C. Hinrichs’ sche Buchhandlung, Leipzig (J. C. Hinrichs'sche Buchhandlung) 1913.
Macramallah, R.: Le Mastaba d'Idout, Fouilles à Saqqarah, Service des Antiquités de l'Égypte, Cairo (Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale) 1935.
Manuelian, P.: Giza Mastabas, vol.8, Mastabas of Nucleus Cemetery G 2100, Part 1, Major Mastabas G 2100–2220, Boston (Museum of Fine Arts) 2009.
Mariette, A.: Les mastabas de l’Ancien Empire, Paris (F. Vieweg) 1889.
Pantalacci, L. & Berger-El-Naggar, C.(eds.), Des Néferkarê aux Montouhotep. Travaux archéologiques en cours sur la fin de la VIedynastie et la Première Période Intermédiaire. Actes du Colloque CNRS – Université Lumière-Lyon 2, tenu le 5–7 juillet 2001, Lyon (Maison de l’orient et de la Méditerranée) 2005.
Peck, C.: Some Decorated Tombs of the First Intermediate Period at Naga Ed-Dêr, Michigan (Brown University) 1959.
Petrie, w. m. f.: Medum, London (David Nutt) 1892.
Petrie, w. m. f.: Gizeh and Rifeh, London (School of Archaeology in Egypt, University College & Bernard Quaritch) 1907.
Piacentini, P.: Les scribes dans la société égyptienne de l'Ancien Empire, vol.1, Les premières dynasties, Les nécropoles memphites, Paris (Cybele) 2002.
Porter, B. & Moss, R.L.B.: Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Reliefs and Paintings, vol.3, Memphis, Part I, Abû Rawâsh to Abûṣîr, 2nd ed., Oxford (Griffith Institute, Ashmolean Museum) 1974.
Porter, B. & Moss, R.L.B.: Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Reliefs and Paintings, vol.3, Memphis Part II, Ṣaqqâra to Dahshûr, fasc.1, 2nd ed., Oxford (Griffith Institute, Ashmolean Museum) 1978.
Porter, B. & Moss, R.L.B.: Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglypic Texts, Reliefs, and Paintings, vol. 4, Lower and Middle Egypt, 2nd ed., Oxford (Griffith Institute, Ashmolean Museum) 1968.
Porter, B. & Moss, R.L.B.:Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Reliefs and Paintings, vol.5, Upper Egypt: Sites, 2nd ed., Oxford (Griffith Institute, Ashmolean Museum) 1962.
Postel, L.: «Une variante septentrionale de la formule d’offrande invocatoire à la Première Période Intermédiaire : prt-ḫrw nt», In Des Néferkarê aux Montouhotep, Travaux archéologiques en cours sur la fin de la VIedynastie et la Première Période Intermédiaire.Actes du Colloque CNRS – Université Lumière-Lyon 2, tenu le 5–7 juillet 2001, 255–261, Lyon (Maison de l’orient et de la Méditerranée) 2005.
Ranke, H.: Die Ägyptischen Personennamen, vol.1, Glückstadt (J.J. Augustin) 1935.
Redford, D. B. (ed.), The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, vol.2, Oxford (University Press) 2000.
Roth, A. M.: Giza Mastabas, vol. 6, A Cemetery of Palace Attendants, Including G 2084-2099, G 2230 + 2231, and G 2240. Boston (Museum of Fine Arts) 1995.
Scheele-Schweitzer, K.: Die Personennamen des Alten Reiches, Altägyptische Onomastik unter Lexikographischen und Soziokulturellen Aspekten, Philippika (Harrassowitz) 2014.
—. Giza Mastabas, vol. 3, The Mastabas of Kawab, Khafkhufu I and II, G 7110-20, 7130-40, and 7150 and Subsidiary Mastabas of Street G 7100. Boston (Library of Congress) 1978.
Sethe, K.: «Der Name «Merui-tensi« und die Entwicklung der Filiationsangabe bei den Ägyptern», ZÄS 49, 1911, 95–120.
Soleiman, S.: «Three Inscribed Joined Blocks of Seshemnefer Discovered Recently at Saqqara», SAK 47, 2018, 241‒259.
Soleiman, S.: «The Dating of Heneni’s False Door at Hildesheim», JARCE 56, 2020, 199–212.
Soleiman, S. & El-Batal, A.: The Gisr el-Mudir Cemetery at Saqqara, vol.2, The Tombs of Nefersut, Weserkafankh, Shepseskafankh and Others, Cairo (Horof) 2015a
Soleiman, S.: The Gisr el-Mudir Cemetery at Saqqara, vol.3, Coffins and Architectural Elements, Cairo (Horof) 2015b
Strudwick, N.: The Administration of Egypt in the Old Kingdom, The Highest Titles and their Holders, London (Kegan Paul International) 1985.
Verner, M.: Abusir I, The Mastaba of Ptahshepses, I/1 Reliefs, The Excavations of the Czechoslovak Institute of Egyptology, Prague (Charles University) 1986.
Wilkinson, R.: The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt. London (Thames & Hudson Ltd) 2003.
View on SCiNiTO
Top