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Abd El-Rahman, W. (2025). THE TERM «meizoteroc» MEZOTEROS THROUGH THE COPTIC DOCUMENTS. Journal of the General Union of Arab Archaeologists, 10(1), 174-196. doi: 10.21608/jguaa2.2024.247418.1154
Walaa Abd El-Rahman. "THE TERM «meizoteroc» MEZOTEROS THROUGH THE COPTIC DOCUMENTS". Journal of the General Union of Arab Archaeologists, 10, 1, 2025, 174-196. doi: 10.21608/jguaa2.2024.247418.1154
Abd El-Rahman, W. (2025). 'THE TERM «meizoteroc» MEZOTEROS THROUGH THE COPTIC DOCUMENTS', Journal of the General Union of Arab Archaeologists, 10(1), pp. 174-196. doi: 10.21608/jguaa2.2024.247418.1154
Abd El-Rahman, W. THE TERM «meizoteroc» MEZOTEROS THROUGH THE COPTIC DOCUMENTS. Journal of the General Union of Arab Archaeologists, 2025; 10(1): 174-196. doi: 10.21608/jguaa2.2024.247418.1154

THE TERM «meizoteroc» MEZOTEROS THROUGH THE COPTIC DOCUMENTS

Article 9, Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2025, Page 174-196  XML PDF (2.29 MB)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/jguaa2.2024.247418.1154
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Author
Walaa Abd El-Rahman email orcid
Lecturer at Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University, Egypt
Abstract
المصطلح «ميزوتيروس» من خلال الوثائق القبطية                                                                                                                                        [Ar]
ذخرت الوثائق القبطية بالكثير من المصطلحات الهامة التي أختلفت أصولها مابين أصول يونانية وقبطية (مصرية قديمة) وعربية؛ حيث عاصرت تلك الوثائق حقب تاريخية مختلفة، وإنطلاقًا من ذلك تسعى هذه المقالة إلى تقديم دراسة وافية موجزة تغطي الجوانب اللغوية والحضارية للمصطلح meizoteroc «ميزوتيروس» الذي أستخدم في العديد من الوثائق القبطية كلقب رسمي يعبر عن مسمى وظيفي لمسؤول إداري يتبع السلطة الحاكمة تتمركز مهامه وأنشطته داخل حدود القرية، ويمكن إعتباره حلقة الوصل بين السلطة الحاكمة وبين المواطنين، ويقع عليه عبء الإتصال المباشر بأهالي القرية، فقد تعددت وتنوعت مهام الميزوتيروس التي من خلالها يمكن إلقاء الضوء على بعض الجوانب المالية والقانونية والإدارية للمجتمع القبطي في ذلك الوقت، فهذه المهام تقدم دليل على الأنشطة اليومية بمستوياتها المختلفة داخل القرى، ويمكن تقسيم مهام الميزوتيروس بشكل أساسي إلى مهام تتعلق بتنفيذ قرارات السلطة الحاكمة مثل: جباية الضرائب العينية والنقدية وتجنيد أهالي القرية وإصدار خطابات الحماية وخطابات الضمان، ومهام أخرى تتعلق بتسيير شؤون أهالي القرية مثل: تلقي شكاوي أهالي القرية وفصل النزاعات وتسوية الميراث بين المواطنين وإبرام العقود، ويلاحظ أن جميع مهام الميزوتيروس تندرج تحت نطاق مهام وأنشطة دنيوية متعلقة بالأمور الحياتية اليومية بالقرية فقط، وأنه لم يشارك في أي أنشطة دينية مطلقًا، وتتطرق المقالة إلى مناقشة قضية ترادف مصطلح الميزوتيروس مع مصطلحات أخرى وطرح ما خلصت إليه الدراسة، بالإضافة إلى محاولة حصر جميع الأقباط الذين تقلدوا هذه الوظيفة، والتعرف على كيفية إختيارهم وتعيينهم. وتحقيقًا لذلك يتبع البحث منهجية التحليل اللغوي الدقيق جنبًا إلى جنب مع التحليل الحضاري للوثائق القبطية (المنشورة حتى الآن) المتعلقة بالميزوتيروس، والتي أمكن تحديد تأريخها بالقرن السادس وحتى القرن الرابع عشر الميلادي.      
 
[En]Coptic documents are replete with many important terms written in Greek, Coptic (ancient Egyptian), and Arabic. These documents are from different historical eras. Based on this, the article seeks to provide a brief comprehensive study covering the linguistic and social contexts of the term meizoteroc, which was used in many Coptic documents as an official title of an administrative official affiliated with the ruling authority. His duties and activities are concentrated within the village, and he can be considered the liaison between the ruling authority and the citizens. The burden of direct contact with the village people falls on him. The roles of a meizoteroc were many and varied, and can highlight some of the financial, legal, and administrative aspects of Coptic society at that time.  These roles oversee different aspects of life, providing evidence of various day-to-day activities within villages. The function of a meizoteroc can be basically divided into tasks related to implementing the decisions of the ruling authority including collecting in-kind and money taxes, recruiting the village people, issuing letters of protection and letters of guarantee, and other tasks related to managing the village affairs. These miscellaneous taxes consist of receiving complaints from the village people, settling disputes, settling inheritances between citizens, and settling contracts, all of which fall within the scope of worldly tasks and activities related to village daily life. However, the meizoteroc did not participate in any religious activities at all. This article discusses the issue of synonymizing the term meizoteroc with other terms, and attempts to identify all Copts who have assumed this profession in order to find out how they were selected and appointed. To achieve this, the research will provide careful philological analysis of Coptic documentary texts (the hitherto published), related to the term «meizoteroc» which dates from the 6th until 14th AD centuries.
Keywords
Higher authority; local official; village; protection; guarantee; tasks; taxes
Main Subjects
Coptological Studies (Art and Architecture)
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