NEW LIGHTS ON A RARE ABBASID DIRHAM IN THE NAME OF THE CALIPH HĀRŪN AL-RAŠĪD MINTED IN AL-MUḤAMMADĪYA, 173 AH

Attia, Othman Salama

NEW LIGHTS ON A RARE ABBASID DIRHAM IN THE NAME OF THE CALIPH HĀRŪN AL-RAŠĪD MINTED IN AL-MUḤAMMADĪYA, 173 AH

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Othman Salama Attia

faculty of archaeology,Islamic department,Luxor university

Abstract

أضواء جديدة على درهم عباسي نادر باسم الخليفة هارون الرشيد ضرب المحمـدية سنة 173هـ [Ar] تُلقي هذه الدراسة الضوء على درهم عباسي نادر، ضرب المحمدية، مؤرخ بسنة 173هـ، يحمل اسم الخليفة العباسي هارون الرشيد ويحيى وبهلول. وفي الحقيقة، أن هذا الدرهم سبق وأن تم نشره من قبل، إلا أن المؤلفات والدراسات السابقة التي تناولت هذا الدرهم اكتفت بنشر نصوص كتاباته فحسب، دون الغوص في تحليل الكتابات المسجلة عليه وذلك من أجل التعرف والوقوف على ماهية وحقيقة أسماء تلك الشخصيتين الواردتين ضمن نصوص كتاباته، وهما يحيى وبهلول، وما الوظيفة التي خولت لهم تسجيل أسمائهم بجانب اسم الخليفة هارون الرشيد على هذا الدرهم موضوع الدراسة، لا سيما أن الباحثين في مجال علم النُميات قد اختلفوا في تحديد هويتهم، وهذا ما سنوضحه بالشرح والدراسة والتحليل، وذلك من خلال عرض ما ذكرته المصادر التاريخية عنهم، ومحاولة الوصول لما أغفلت المصادر والمراجع الحديثة ذكره عمداً أو عن غير قصد، ولدراسة هذا الدرهم أهمية كبيرة إذ سمحت لنا بإعادة النظر في ترتيب ولاة الري الذي وضعه زامباور في معجمه، فمن خلال النقود يمكن كشف النقاب عن حقائق تاريخية لم يكن من اليسير التوصل إليها. وقد اتبعت في دراسة هذا الدرهم المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وذلك من خلال وصفه وصفاً علمياً دقيقاً للكتابات المسجلة عليه وشكله العام وزخارفه، ثم القيام بدراسة تحليلية لكتاباته؛ وذلك من أجل الوقوف على الجوانب التاريخية التي صاحبت درهمنا موضوع الدراسة، ليكون بذلك إضافة لرؤية جديدة للنقود الإسلامية عامة، والنقود العباسية في عهد الخليفة هارون الرشيد خاصة.
[EN] In this paper, I shed light on a rare Abbasid dirham minted in al-Muḥammadīya, dated 173 AH, with the name of the Abbasid Caliph Hārūn al-Rašīd, Yaḥyā, and Bahlūl. This dirham was published, but previous studies addressed its inscriptions only without analysis to identify the nature and the truth of the names of the two personalities «Yaḥyā and Bahlūl», whose names were inscribed on this dirham. This paper also identifies the function that empowered them to inscribe their names next to the name of the Caliph Hārūn al-Rašīd on that dirham. Researchers in the field of numismatics have differed in determining their identity, which will be illustrated through this paper based on discussion, study, and analysis. The paper discusses what historical sources mentioned about these persons to identify what the sources neglected to mention intentionally or unintentionally. Studying this dirham is highly important, as it makes it possible to reconsider the sequence of the governors of al-Rayy prepared by Zambaur in his lexicon. Coins help reveal historical facts that were not easy to obtain. This paper adopted the descriptive analytical approach for this dirham in terms of the general form and inscriptions to identify the accompanying historical aspects to be an addition to a new vision for Islamic coins, especially the Abbasid coins in the era of the Caliph Hārūn al-Rašīd.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Numismatics

References

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