MICROSTRUCTURE AND DAMAGE ASSESSMENT OF SOME PTOLEMAIC POTTERY OBJECTS AT TELL ABU YASIN IN SHARKIA, EGYPT: CASE STUDY

El-Ghareb, Walid

doi:10.21608/jguaa2.2020.43613.1036

MICROSTRUCTURE AND DAMAGE ASSESSMENT OF SOME PTOLEMAIC POTTERY OBJECTS AT TELL ABU YASIN IN SHARKIA, EGYPT: CASE STUDY

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Walid El-Ghareb

Professor at Faculty of Archeology, Zagazig University, Egypt.

10.21608/jguaa2.2020.43613.1036

Abstract

(En)
Tell Abu Yasin is one of the most important sites in Sharkia governorate and dates back to Ptolemaic age. Many tests and analyses were performed to diagnose damage manifestations of some pottery pieces. The research has proven that the clay used in that pottery is Nile Clay, while tempers are sand, grog, and limestone powder. The used shaping technology was potter wheel, surface treatment is slip layer, and the burning atmosphere inside the kiln was reduced for the first pot and oxidized to the second and third piece. Pottery objects suffer from physiochemical damage by soil sediments, in addition to phenomenon of fracture, scaling, cracking, weakness, fragility, and crystallization of chlorides, sulfates, carbonates and phosphate salts as a result of burial in saline clay soil. The research recommends that restoration; treatment and maintenance of these pottery pieces should be on the basis of examination results, analyses and damage assessment that have been proven by the researcher.

(Ar)
تل آثار ابوياسين من أهم مواقع محافظة الشرقية، ويقع على بعد 4 کم جنوب شرق ابو کبير و40 کم شمال شرق الزقازيق، وهو ينتمى من الناحية الأثرية إلى العصر البطلمىPtolemaic age حيث کشفت الحفائر التي قامت بها بعثة المجلس الأعلى للآثار عن العديد من الآثار الفخارية المختلفة الأشکال والألوان، فضلا عن العديد من مواقد الأفران المختلفة وجبانة تضم بعض التوابيت الجرانيتية. وتم إجراء العديد من الفحوص والتحاليل المختلفة مثل الفحص بالميکروسکوب المستقطب Polarized Microscope (PLM) والتحليل بالميکروسکوب الالکترونى الماسح المزود بوحدة تشتت طاقة الأشعة السينية « Scanning Electron Microscope with Energy Dispersive of X-Ray Unit والتحليل بطريقة حيود الأشعة السينية X-Ray Diffraction analysis (XRD) والتحليل الحرارى Thermal Analysis (DTA) .واستخدمت الفحوص والتحاليل المختلفة بغرض التعرف على تکنولوجيا الصناعة وتشخيص مظاهر تلف بعض القطع الفخارية بتل ابوياسين بالشرقية کدراسة حالة .ولقد أثبت البحث أن الطفلة المستخدمة في صناعة الفخار الأثرى بتل ابوياسين بالشرقية بشرق الدلتا من نوع الطفلة النيلية Nile Clay، أما الإضافات Tempers عبارة عن الرمل sand ومسحوق الفخار « grog »pottery powder ومسحوق الحجر الجيرى limestone powder و التبن المقرط burnt straw من خلال ملاحظة أماکن حرق التبن المقرط اثناء الحرق للفخار داخل الفرن، وتقنية التشکيل المستخدمة هى تقنية التشکيل بالعجلة potter wheel والمعالجة السطحيةSurface Treatment من نوع طبقة البطانة Slip Layer، أما جو الحرق داخل الفرن کان جوا مختزلا للقطعة الأولى ومؤکسدا للقطعة الثانية والثالثة. کما أثبت البحث أيضا أن معظم الآثار الفخارية بتل ابوياسين بالشرقية بشرق الدلتا تعاني من التلف الفيزيوکيميائى Physiochemical damage مثل رواسب التربة soil sediments، بالإضافة الى ظاهرة الکسر breaking، والتقشرpeeling والتشرخ cracking والضعف weakness، والهشاشية fragility وتبلور الأملاح مثل الکلوريدات chlorides والکبريتات sulfates والکربوناتcarbonates من جراء الدفن فى التربة. ويوصى البحث بترميم وعلاج وصيانة تلک القطع الفخارية بناءا على نتائج الفحوص والتحاليل وتقييم مظاهر التلف للقطع الفخارية بالموقع الأثري التي أثبتها البحث.

Highlights

INTRODUCTION
STUDY MATERIALS AND METHODS
DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
CONCLUSION

Keywords

Main Subjects

Conservation and Restoration

References

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