Shehab, N. (2022). THE IDENTITY OF THE CATTLE HERDSMAN A STUDY IN THE SCENES OF ANCIENT EGYPTIAN PRIVATE TOMBS. Journal of the General Union of Arab Archaeologists, 7(1), 84-107. doi: 10.21608/jguaa2.2021.95557.1078
Naglaa Shehab. "THE IDENTITY OF THE CATTLE HERDSMAN A STUDY IN THE SCENES OF ANCIENT EGYPTIAN PRIVATE TOMBS". Journal of the General Union of Arab Archaeologists, 7, 1, 2022, 84-107. doi: 10.21608/jguaa2.2021.95557.1078
Shehab, N. (2022). 'THE IDENTITY OF THE CATTLE HERDSMAN A STUDY IN THE SCENES OF ANCIENT EGYPTIAN PRIVATE TOMBS', Journal of the General Union of Arab Archaeologists, 7(1), pp. 84-107. doi: 10.21608/jguaa2.2021.95557.1078
Shehab, N. THE IDENTITY OF THE CATTLE HERDSMAN A STUDY IN THE SCENES OF ANCIENT EGYPTIAN PRIVATE TOMBS. Journal of the General Union of Arab Archaeologists, 2022; 7(1): 84-107. doi: 10.21608/jguaa2.2021.95557.1078
THE IDENTITY OF THE CATTLE HERDSMAN A STUDY IN THE SCENES OF ANCIENT EGYPTIAN PRIVATE TOMBS
Assistant Professor, al Alson Higher Institute for Tourism and Hotels, Egypt
Abstract
[Ar] هُوية راعى الأبقار: دراسة فى مناظر المقابر المصرية القديمة الخاصة ذخرت مقابرالمصريون القدماء برسوم ونقوش توثق تفاصيل حياتهم اليومية التى يرغبون فى أن يحيوها فى الحياة الأخرى. وهكذا، أضحت مقابر المصريين القدماء بمحتوياتها ونقوشها الجدارية بمثابة ديوان لحضارة وادى النيل، نتعرف منها على ملامح الحياة اليومية فى مصر القديمة. احتلت مناظر رعى الأبقار، من خلال مشاهد الزراعة والرعى والمناظر الجنائزية، مكانة بارزة بكافة تفاصيلها الحياتية التى عاشها المصرى القديم. لم يقتصر دور راعى الأبقار على قيادة القطيع فقط بل امتد عمله ليشمل العديد من الجوانب الأخرى، والتى من شأنها المحافظة على سلامة القطيع البدنية والصحية، كتوجيه القطيع للقيام بدوره فى اعمال الزراعة أوالرعى والأمتثال أما صاحب المقبرة وكذلك المشاركة فى المناظر الجنائزية. تهدف هذه الورقة البحثية إلى معرفة هوية راعى البقر، والذى اتسم دائما بالنحافة والجسم الهزيل بحكم مهنته وقلة قوته، شارك فى هذه المهنة جميع الفئات العمرية من الصبيان والشباب وكبار السن، وتنوعت درجاتهم الوظيفية مابين رؤساء ومرؤسين ومساعدين. تعتمد هذه الدراسة على أربع أقسام رئيسية. يعرض القسم الأول: مصطلح الراعى. فى القسم الثانى: أشكال الشعر المختلفة التى ظهر بها راعى الأبقار من خلال المناظر حيث ارتدى البعض منهم باروكة الشعر وظهر البعض بالشعر الطبيعى كما غلب على اكثرها مناظر الصلع بأنواعه المختلفة. فى القسم الثالث: نستعرض زي الرعاة والذى اختلف حسب القابهم الاجتماعية فظهرت الطبقة الدنيا منهم عراة وظهرت الطبقة العامة بالنقبة القصيرة أما الرؤساء منهم فظهروا بنقبة ذات نتؤات أمامية. فى القسم الرابع: نتعرف على أدوات الرعاة المستخدمة فى قيادة القطيع مثل العصاة والحبل والسوط وغيرها من الأدوات واختلفت أوضاع الأيدى باختلاف استخدام هذه الأدوات. وأخيرا يستعرض الكاتب نماذج من حوار الرعاة والتى تميزت دائما بالبساطة والواقعية وتكشف الكثير عن سماتهم الشخصية والعملية من خلال واقع وظيفتهم.
[En] The tomb wall scenes give art historians a glimpse into ancient Egyptian daily life, allowing them to piece together a vision of their civilization. The depictions of animals in the scenes of daily life are commonly found in ancient Egyptian tombs. The image of the cattle herdsman has been regarded as one of the «daily life» scenes. The great collection of iconography portraying herdsmen attests to the crucial significance they played in Egyptian visual culture. The present paper is concerned with the identity of the cattle herdsman. It is divided into four main sections. The first section defines herdsman and reviews the activities in which he participated. The second section presents the different hairstyles in which the herdsmen appeared throughout the scenes. The third section reviews the herdsman's costume. The fourth section is devoted to the job of the herdsmen by showing the different positions of using the grazing tools. Finally, the author gives some examples of captions for herdsman scenes to explore their conversational style, work-related characteristics, knowledge of cows, and innate instincts.
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